HOW MAiD WORKS IN THE U.S.
MAiD Is Initiated by the Patient
Medical Aid in Dying (MAiD) begins only when a patient voluntarily raises the option with a clinician. It cannot be initiated or requested by anyone else.
Two Independent Clinicians Must Confirm Eligibility
An attending clinician and a consulting clinician each evaluate the patient. Both must independently confirm that the patient meets the legal requirements under state law. A mental health evaluation is required only if either clinician has concerns about the patient’s decision‑making capacity.
Patients Must Make Multiple Requests
Every jurisdiction requires more than one request. The typical structure includes two oral requests and one written request with witnesses. These requests must be separated by time, though the specific intervals vary by state.
A Waiting Period May Apply
Most jurisdictions require a minimum amount of time between requests or between the written request and the prescription. Waiting periods range from approximately 48 hours to 15 days. Some states allow waivers when a patient is unlikely to survive the full interval.
If Eligible, the Patient May Receive a Prescription
Once all requirements are met, the attending clinician may authorize a prescription for an aid‑in‑dying medication. State laws do not specify a particular drug regimen; clinicians typically use a compounded multi‑drug mixture based on current medical practice.
The Patient Must Self‑Administer the Medication
U.S. MAiD laws require that the patient take the medication themselves. Clinicians may be present for support if the patient requests it, but they do not administer the medication.
The Patient May Withdraw Their Request at Any Time
At every stage of the process, the patient may change their mind. No one is ever obligated to proceed.
Documentation and Reporting Requirements Apply
Clinicians must follow state‑mandated documentation and reporting procedures. These requirements help ensure transparency and safeguard the voluntary nature of the practice.